PARKERRIFLING - and their miniature calibre CONVERTED REVOLVERS
See the Parker-Hale CMT rifles , the Parker-Hale Targetscope , the Parker-Hale Dewar rifles
plus Parker-Hale Service Rifle Target Sights, and the Parker-Hale Optical Sight Set
See also: A CENTURY OF SIGHTS AND SIGHTING AIDS - by Edna Parker
the A.J. Parker catalogue for 1914
and the A.G. Parker catalogue of Shooting Accessories for 1920
also the A.G. Parker complete catalogue Arms &Accessories for 1925
plus the A.G. Parker comprehensive catalogue of 1931 for Small-bore Rifle Clubs
THE PARKER GUNSMITHING COMPANIES, a brief history and the "PARKERIFLING" system
Their tube sleeving system was developed by Alfred G. Parker & Co. Ltd.,
and marketed under the "Parkerifling" tradename early in the Twentieth Century - certainly prior to 1910.
The Company was born more than twenty years earlier, in 1880.
The firm initially traded from premises in Icknield Street, Birmingham and was joined by Arthur T.C. Hale,
who had become manager by 1910, at around which time they moved to Whittal Street.
This address became that of the famous "Bisley Works" subsequently stamped on so many of the company's products.
The product range became most comprehensive and included all mannner of especially built target service rifles,
sights and ancillaries, imported and other British manufacturers' rifles, cleaning and maintenance paraphernalia,
targetry, ammunition and, of course, Parkerifling.
A.T.C. Hale became a director at some point prior to 1925.
A.G. Parker's son Alfred J. Parker was also working in the business by the latter half of the century's first decade.
By 1910, young Alfred was designing aperture sights for the firm and performing remarkably at Bisley
with a 'Long' Lee-Enfield fitted with one of his own sights.
Alfred served in Belgium and France in the First World War and survived,
(unlike John Tippins - son of Luke (L.R.) Tippins , a contemporary armourer, and himself a fine shot), to return to the family business.
Prior to 1928, Alfred left to set up his own company; Alfred J. Parker & Co. Ltd.
For many years until recently (the business closed late in 2007),
the firm was at the "Armoury Works" in Moseley Road on the outskirts of Birmingham city.
It was previously at Bath Street Old Schools in Birmingham
(the company was still at Bath Street in 1956, but had moved to Moseley Road by the mid Sixties).
Here follow four images of the Bath Street Works.
First is the Gun Repair and Sight Assembly shop.
Next is the Main Rifle Room.
In the foreground is a stack of Pattern '14 rifles', and in the background are Long Lee-Enfields,
To the right are stacked S.M.L.E. (Short) rifles, with a rack of No.4 rifles far left.
Here rifles were overhauled and graded
Next, a further view of the Main Rifle room, facing the rod and brush making area.
Lastly, the main machine shop, where were manufactured gun and rifle parts,
armourers' tools and accessories.
To the right are the blacking room and forge.
The company was always present at Bisley Rifle Meetings.
Above: the display tent at the Bisley NRA Meeting in the mid-1950s
At Moseley Road he produced the first Twin Zero rear aperture sight - a folding version.
By then the company also kept premises at Bisley. These were latterly usually only occupied during the main meetings, with Edna "Ma" Parker ruling the roost. Those familiar with the camp will recognise the building as being that removed from Wimbledon in 1890, and which has for many years accommodated Fultons gunsmiths (out of shot immediately to the left of this photograph) and the South London Rifle Club, along with a couple of other small shooting businesses at the rear. Another business, loosely related to Fultons and trading in antique rifles and paraphernalia, is presently operated from the left part of the old A.J. Parker section, with J.H. Stewards (the well-known and long-standing shooters' opticians) at the right.
See: A CENTURY OF SIGHTS AND SIGHTING AIDS - by Edna Parker
Below: the Moseley Road building, empty since 2007, heading for demolition in December 2022.
Around 1930, Arthur Hale's involvement with A.G. Parker had reached a significance
which led to the change of company name to Parker-Hale; so it has remained to this day.
It seems that there must have been some distancing between A.G. Parker and his son and,
although their product ranges were quite similar, many identical items were separately named
although probably bought-in from the same source.
Alfred offered an equivalent barrel re-lining service for small-bore rifles but,
whilst his father's refurbished barrels were stamped on the crown
"PARKERIFLED A.G.P.",
Alfred's stampings were simply marked
" RIFLED BY ALFD. J. PARKER".
To the right is an image of the muzzle crown stamping.
The section through the brass olive used at the muzzle can just be defined.
The A.G.P. Parkerifling acquired a superb reputation for accuracy, entirely well founded.
The quality of the sleeves was such that the claim of improved grouping over some new rifles was not unwarranted.
Even now, rifles refurbished in this way half a century ago will perform to a high standard,
such was the quality of steel and workmanship.
A tired barrel could be brought back to very useful life with a significant saving over the cost of a total replacement.
........ Alongside is an image of a sales display
........cutaway of a Parkerifled barrel.
........The sleeving joint can be clearly seen.
The company advertisements often carried remarkable testimonials to their workmanship
and the success of their rifling system.
Copies of such advertisements published over the forty years between 1925 and 1965 are shown below.
They make fascinating reading.
........This image
........and the one below it
........are taken from
........the catalogue of
........A.G.Parker
........for 1925.
........Grading of the
........rifled sleeves
........has become necessary.
Thirteen years
after the event,
the testimonials
for successes made
with Parkerifled
TARGET RIFLES
are still apparently
quite worthy of mention.
........By 1933, when this next
........catalogue was published,
........the company had become
........"Parker-Hale",
........although the testing advertised in
........"The Rifleman" - journal of the
........Society of Miniature Rifle Clubs -
........had been done by A.G. Parker & Co.
Such was the popularity of the Parkerifling process between the Wars,
the many thousands of rifles produced in the early 20th. Century being so regularly shot (pun intended),
that the company received continual enquiries for details of the system,
how it was manufactured and fitted, and indeed confirmation of it efficacy.
To relieve the pressure, Parker-Hale prepared an advertorial for publishing in "The Rifleman",
the monthly national journal of the Society of Miniature Rifle Clubs.
This was a five-part series that appeared each month starting in December 1934.
We have managed to locate the relevant five copies of the journal, and reproduce the whole article here.
It is in the form of a searchable flip-page facsimile of the document,
which may take a few moments to display.
We are sometimes asked for information concerning Parker-Hale products,
particularly with regard to dating the manufacture of the company's rifles.
We have made enquiries regarding whether any records that might assist such research remain in existence.
We approached Parker-Hale, as that company stands at present, and also two other companies,
one of which purchased the trading rights for cleaning products, and the other which bought-up most other remaining stock.
The owner of the latter company recalls being present, at the time of the sale,
and watching sights and valuable other stock being binned for disposal at scrap metal weight rates.
Sadly he also remembers seeing all the files and papers from the offices
being brought out of the premises and piled onto a huge pyre!
As far as we are aware, any relevant records are therefore likely to have gone up in smoke;
such has been the way of the World in recent years, with similar action being often taken in the name of fraud prevention.
Not only did Parkers and Parker-Hale offer Parkerifling of rifles,
but they also undertook to tube pistols in the same manner.
The most common work of theirs was to sleeve existing worn .22RF pistol barrels,
but for a period before the Second World War it was possible to purchase a permanently converted Webley Mk.VI revolver.
Advertised in the Parker-Hale Service Catalogue of 1939, immediately before the commencement of WW2,
the Webley Mk.VI conversion shown above involved solely the sleeving of the .455 calibre barrel,
and replacement of the .455 cylinder with the unit normally supplied
with the Parker or Parker-Hale .22RF Adapter Unit for the Webley revolver .
The rimfire cylinder chambers were positioned in a way that obviated any need to modify the striker or hammer-fall.
The rimfire percussion offset from centre-fire was effectively built into the cylinder.
With the earlier .297/.230" calibre "Morris" adapters and conversions this was not necessary, as the round was already centre-fire.
There were also Smith &Wesson .38 revolvers converted by P-H in this way,
and one such has been viewed with a milled flat on the right hand side of the barrel,
about an inch long by a quarter-inch high - radiussed at each end by the cutter,
and the flat engraved with the mark "PARKER-HALE" above "22 CONVERSION".
The following Smith & Wesson revolver was available right up to 1954.
It was not a "kit" revolver in the modern sense,
as it referred to a pistol that would be useful in an "outdoorsman's" kit.
Parker-Hale also offered .a 22RF adapter unit for what was still described in the late "Thirties"
as the "new" .38" calibre Enfield Service revolver.
Permanent Conversion of the Enfield would no doubt also have been possible
utilising their .22RF cylinder for that pistol.
However, permanent modification of revolvers of the then current Service calibre,
with an imminent likelihood of war, may well have been frowned upon.
The pre-WW2 Enfield No.2 revolver had a spurless hammer, particularly less hazardous for tank crews,
but Parker-Hale only advertised that revolver's adapter on an earlier pistol with a spurred hammer.
The long availability of the smaller purpose-built Webley Mk.IV revolver in .22 rimfire calibre
probably reduced the demand for conversion of the larger Service pistols post WW2.
The .38" Mk.IV was originally introduced in 1915, with the company claiming that the pistol
had practically the same stopping power as the .455 Mk.VI.
An early model Mk.IV has even been seen in the extremely rare .297/.230CF Morris configuration.
The later rimfire Mk.IV was obviously not a conversion, but a factory made option; it is worth a mention here nonetheless.
The Mk.IV in .38/200 was not initially adopted when the War Office decided between the wars
that the large .455" revolvers were of greater calibre than necessary for their purpose.
It was considered that .38" calibre was sufficient. Despite the readily available product from Webley,
the Royal Small Arms Factory at Enfield embarked upon the production of their own .38 revolver,
which was officially adopted in 1932.
It was claimed to have been designed by their Assistant Superintendent, Capt. Boys
(later better known for his "Stanchion" design - The Boys .55" Anti-Tank Rifle).
This was a contentious matter, and, although there had been approved liaison between Webley and Boys,
the R.S.A.F. .38/200 Enfield bore overmuch resemblance to Webley's own product for their liking.
The resultant court case against the R.S.A.F. was at first thrown out, but compensation was later paid to Webley.
Ironically, Enfield was never able to meet the required production quantities of their "No.2 Mk.1" revolver,
and Webley produced huge numbers for WW2 issue.
It is interesting to compare the 1939 prices of the various miniature-calibre products.
The permanently converted Parker-Hale Mk.VI cost £4:4:0, or four guineas,
and the Smith & Wesson more than double that at £9:10:0 - perhaps imported new.
The purpose-made Webley Mk.IV in .22RF was six guineas.
The Parker-Hale adapters provided a far more economical proposition for those already in possession of service revolvers,
with the six-shot models for the .455" Mk.VI and Enfield .38/200 each costing only £2:2:0 - two guineas.
The single-shot version for the Mk.VI was just £1:16:0.
Unlike the more usual situation pertaining today, the 6-shot adapters were being sold in 1939
at a figure nine shillings less than that being charged in 1925;
which significant reduction was presumably connected with production matters relating to supply and demand.
As an approximate guide to today's equivalents, one guinea was then one pound and one shilling,
being the contemporary of the 21st. Century £1.05.
At today's valuation, this would rate at approximately fifty-three times as much.
Not a rifle adapter, but nonetheless perhaps worthy of mention,
The A.G.P. "Bisley Works" 'conveyor' tha permitted the firing of a .410 shotgun cartridge in a 12 gauge shotgun. A means of either more economical short range practice at, e.g., clay targets, or for quieter occasional use of one's twelve-bore on small quarry or vermin in confined or more sensitive areas.
The unit came with a hardwood rod for pushing out the spent .410 cartridge case.
It has printed along its length the obvious
"FOR REMOVING FIRED CASES WHERE NECESSARY"
perhaps more to prevent the loss of the rod to some other usage.
N.B. These scans are the best that could be achieved without destroying the original documents.
This is in the form of a text-searchable flip-page document that may take a few moments to load.
Click expansion square for full page display.
This is in the form of a text-searchable flip-page document that may take a few moments to load.
N.B. These scans are the best that could be achieved without destroying the original document.
Click expansion square for full page display.
This is in the form of a text-searchable flip-page document that may take a few moments to load.
N.B. These scans are the best that could be achieved without destroying the original document.
Click expansion square for full page display.
A number of other important Parker products related to small-bore shooting are also accessible from these page links.
Parker-Hale and other Adapter or Sub-calibre units for rifle and pistol
Parker-Hale Service Rifle Target Sights
See page on the .22 MARTINI and the LEE_ENFIELD TRIGGER PULL
See also the Parker-Hale CMT rifles , the Parker-Hale_Targetscope , and the Parker-Hale_Dewar_rifles
plus the Parker-Hale Optical Sight Set
Click here to access a Chronology of Enfield genre Training Rifles, Adapters & Cartridges
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